In 2019, in the city of Wuhan (China), cases of pneumonia by an unknown etiologic agent were reported in December. Following local protocols, a new etiologic agent was identified: SARS-CoV-2. It is a virus of the Coronaviridae family with high infectivity and variable lethality.

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Other members of the Coronaviridae family are known to act as an etiological agent or infectious trigger for central and peripheral neurological manifestations, a fact also observed with SARS-CoV-2.

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Knowledge of epidemiological, clinical and laboratory data about patients with neurological manifestations secondary to COVID-19 infection is essential for the elaboration of public policies to deal with epidemic situations, for the elaboration of researches to elucidate the pathophysiology of this virus in contact with cells of the nervous system and for the investigation of disease-modifying therapies.